Physical Therapy Assistant Practice Exam

Which stage of dying is most consistent with a patient expressing frustration and occasionally speaking harshly to healthcare team members?

1. Denial

2. Bargaining

3. Anger

4. Acceptance

The correct answer is: Anger

The stage characterized by a patient expressing frustration and occasionally speaking harshly to healthcare team members is indeed anger. This stage reflects a natural emotional response to the feelings of helplessness, loss, and frustration that often occur when a person is facing end-of-life issues. In this phase, individuals may experience a range of emotions, including resentment and rage directed not only at their circumstances but also at those around them, including caregivers and family members. Anger can manifest in various ways, such as outbursts, blame, or even withdrawal, as individuals grapple with their reality. This emotional expression is often a way to cope with the impending loss of control over their lives and health. Recognizing that this behavior is a part of the grieving process allows caregivers to respond with empathy and support, helping to address the patient's emotional needs while navigating their care. In contrast, the other stages—denial, bargaining, and acceptance—represent different psychological responses where the individual may not express frustration in the same way. Denial often involves refusing to accept the reality of the situation, bargaining may include attempts to negotiate more time or outcomes, and acceptance typically represents a sense of peace with the situation. Thus, the context of the emotional response aligns directly with the stage of anger